古人常說，冬日進補，開春打虎，三九補一冬，來年無病痛。這讓很多人愛上膏方，但膏方因人而異，要量身定做，一人一方，一方一鍋。再者膏方做到了良藥不苦口，免去了熬藥麻煩，所以火得很。但膏方并非人人適宜，正確使用很重要。

適宜人群：

過度勞累，身心疲憊。長時間超負荷工作人群，往往體力精力透支、疲勞、失眠、健忘、焦慮、抑郁等癥狀頻發，可通過膏方調補，來補氣助力，寧心安神，益智健腦，疏肝解郁。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

康復患者。手術后、出血后、大病重病后，產后身體虛弱者，耗傷氣血，適當中醫膏方，促進機體早日康復。

老年人群。生理功能逐漸衰退，臟腑失調、氣血不足、抗病能力下降，冬令膏方，辨證調補，增強體質，延緩衰老。

體虛兒童。反復呼吸道感染、哮喘、厭食等，根據體質特點和生長需要，適當膏方調補。

不適宜人群：

病不宜補。急性疾病，急性感染者、慢病急發，不適合吃。“宜發散者”(如急性感染)、“宜攻下者”(如腹滿便秘)、“宜通利者”(如濕阻納呆)、“宜涌吐者”(如食積痰嗽)等，服用膏方，出現感冒，食滯腹脹、胃納減少、口苦秘結、舌苔黃膩，暫停服用。

無虛而補。年輕力壯、全無虛象，不適合服用膏方，此類人生活無規律，不禁煙和酒，便秘失眠帶口臭，“上火”癥狀頻頻出，中醫認為，“濕熱內盛”，應調整生活方式，按時作息，避免熬夜。

虛不受補。雖身體虛弱，但當前濕濁偏重、脾胃虛、食欲差、舌苔黏膩,需先服用化濕辟濁、健脾開胃的湯藥或成藥來“開路”，之后才能服用膏方。

急于求成。不適合開膏方。“立竿見影”“根百病”有悖于中醫的思想，有此類想法的人群，不宜應用。

膏方調補，必辨體質、證情。根據每人具體情況，施以不同調補，合理調補，有利養生；漫補、峻補，不利健康，甚則反而生害，現實生活中屢屢可見。

一句話送給大家：膏無不效，用當則靈，亂用補藥，欲補反傷！

（河南省衛生健康委宣傳處指導 新鄉醫學院第三附屬醫院婁政馳供稿）